Understanding Ganglion Cysts in the Wrist

Ganglion cysts are noncancerous lumps that commonly develop along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands. These fluid-filled sacs are typically round or oval and can vary in size, sometimes growing larger with increased wrist activity. While usually harmless,they can cause wrist pain and discomfort, sometimes leading to limited wrist movement.

The Advanced Hand, Wrist & Nerve Centre in Singapore, led by hand and wrist specialist Dr Jacqueline Tan, understands the importance of informed decision-making when it comes to addressing benign conditions. Keep reading for insights into the condition and treatment options, guiding you on the path to relief.

Causes

Joint or Tendon Irritation

One of the primary causes of ganglion cysts is irritation in the joints or tendons. Repeated stress or overuse of the wrist can lead to this irritation, causing the synovial fluid, a thick lubricating liquid found in the joints, to leak out and form a cyst. Those who engage in activities that place significant strain on their wrists, such as typing, playing musical instruments, or certain sports, are more susceptible to developing these cysts due to the constant friction and pressure on the joint areas.

Synovial Fluid Leakage

The leakage of synovial fluid contributes to the formation of ganglion cysts. Usually staying within the joint capsule, the synovial fluid provides lubrication and cushioning for smooth movement. However, if the joint capsule is weakened or damaged, the fluid can escape into the surrounding tissue, creating a cyst. This often results in a noticeable bump on the wrist that can fluctuate in size.

Joint or Tendon Injury

Injuries, such as minor trauma to the wrist or wrist fractures, can also play a role in ganglion cyst formation. When the joint or tendon is injured, the body might produce extra synovial fluid as part of the healing process. This extra fluid can contribute to the formation of cysts, making it essential to monitor any lingering discomfort or swelling after an injury.

Treatment Options

Aspiration

Aspiration is a common and relatively simple procedure used to treat ganglion cysts. During aspiration, a hand specialist uses a needle to withdraw the fluid from the cyst, causing it to shrink. Although it can offer temporary relief, there is a possibility that the cyst may recur as the underlying cause of fluid leakage may still be present. However, many find this approach effective for alleviating symptoms in the short term.

Corticosteroid Injections

Corticosteroid injections are another treatment option for ganglion cysts. These injections involve administering a steroid medication directly into the cyst or surrounding area to reduce inflammation and pain. The anti-inflammatory properties can offer significant relief and make daily activities less cumbersome while the cyst is monitored.

Surgical Removal

For more persistent or troublesome cysts, surgical options may be recommended. Surgical removal aims to remove the cyst entirely, reducing the likelihood of recurrence. Depending on the size and location of the cyst, your hand surgeon may perform the procedure under local or general anaesthesia. Recovery from surgery will then include a brief period of immobilisation and physical therapy to restore full wrist function. This approach provides a more permanent solution for recurrent or especially bothersome cysts.

Learn more: 3 Tips for Reducing the Risk of Recurrence of Ganglion Cyst

Ganglion cysts may be an unwelcome presence in your life, but with the right knowledge and care, you can navigate the challenges they present and continue to lead a fulfilling, pain-free life.

Need help managing ganglion cysts? Schedule a consultation with Advanced Hand, Wrist & Nerve today, for advice and treatment options tailored to your needs.